镜像的对应及其维度展开

张立群

 
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 216.45pt; mso-char-indent-count: 15.4" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">——读祝发能的诗</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt" lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 146.15pt; mso-char-indent-count: 10.4" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">张立群<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">诗人祝发能在其《短诗选</span><span lang="EN-US">1991</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">－</span><span lang="EN-US">2008</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">》中，将近</span><span lang="EN-US">20</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">年的诗歌创作分为“世象”、“情象”两辑，表明希望通过诗的形式展现对生活和情感的书写，但这一具有纵向排列的结构方式如果换一个角度，比如：采取某种横截面的读法，则会让我们读出诗人对个体及其记忆、经验进行了所谓多向的“对应式”书写：一面是怀乡的情感与现实生活形成某种对峙；一面是真实的怀旧与当前生活的憧憬，而个人情感和历史的纹理就这样融入其中。</span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 183.45pt; mso-char-indent-count: 15.23" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">一</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">翻开《短诗选》，开篇的《移动》和《历史的花朵》约略可以视为诗人对待时间的两种态度：“月光一步一步地移动着树</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">就这样</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">一棵树</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">被月光移动了一夜</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">两夜”，“移动”是一个关于过程的动词，但在这里，我却将其作为具有指向性的目的——“叶子落光了</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">树就轻了”，在隐蔽的叙述中，我看见诗人将结果指向了未来；但另一首诗呢？“历史的伤疤里</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">刀突然尖叫起来”，“孩子们还记得一棵树</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">记得一个小八路</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">历史就有了花朵”，记得是过去式的，这次或许是给孩子讲述的故事带有明显的回溯性，两首诗本身就代表了一次关于时间的对话，只是置身其中，我们还可以获取更多关于诗人的秘密。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">技艺对于诗人来说与记忆同样重要，二者均是“经验”的结果。《移动》在平常人不易觉察到树木和月光中入手，它的视觉意识和具象性体现了一个诗人观察的敏锐程度。循此路径，我们大致可以发现：祝发能一直是一个喜欢从小处着眼的诗人，静物的细微与巨细是其展现身手的部分：他写着乡土上的凡常风物，写着小村的轶事和“唠叨的细雨”……在这些具小的事物中，他捕捉到属于其自身的诗意——</span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">一个桃子红孩儿那般<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">被月亮砍了一刀<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">桃子吐出核<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>谁在喊疼<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">村前的渡口<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>这先哲的伤疤<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">让灵魂不安<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>却让一棵桃树<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">有了盼头<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span>——《桃花》<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">在那些朴素又略带泥土气息的诗行里，祝发能游弋出生命的希望与痛感，而设想这些叙述经历多年的累积，势必会产生一种积攒于诗中的“历史”。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">而循着“历史”的路径，我们则看到另外一个“诗人”：他熟悉乡土生活和山间的景物，正如他给孩子们讲述了过去的故事，《公狼·母岩羊》、《狗尾草》、《父亲》、《山里汉子》等一个个关于熟悉景物和亲人的故事乃至山野传奇，构成了诗人写作主题的另一层次。“历史</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">顺着父辈的脊梁</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">流过桥头</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">东张西望</span><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">摊开手掌</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">命运在掌纹上横冲直撞</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">喘息之后</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">很累</span><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">父亲看不懂他的掌纹</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">也看不懂我的掌纹</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">却把我钉在他的掌纹里十八年</span><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">揪住象形文字的胡须</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">从父亲的掌中出走</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">在自己的掌纹里寻找路口</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">汗</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">从掌沿徐徐沁出”（《掌纹》）。看来，“历史”及其故事和传奇在祝发能身上有某种与生俱来的宿命感，故事如掌纹般延续下去，故事不断，历史不断，这种涵盖于时间视域内的纹理在手掌伸开的瞬间，构筑起一个诗人的憧憬和本身生命体验和叙述的所指空间。</span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 194.8pt; mso-char-indent-count: 16.17" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">二</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">祝发能自认有“山里人的诚恳”，其生活背景是“一个中国标本式的农民家庭”，这在某种程度上决定了他的创作旨趣。在他的诗中，总是自觉不自觉地流露出要返回故乡的倾向，而事实上，他擅长的也是那些关于乡土的“记录”。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">“推开木窗</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">天就亮了</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">大眼睛蜻蜓递给我一个眼神</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">就翩翩而去</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">仿佛有鞭儿轻轻抽打过我</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">昨夜已是历史</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">历史嚼过的事物</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">被田园吸收</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">稻香十里”，《推开木窗》至少为我们看待祝发能的“乡土题材”提供了一个视角，在同样是“我”观察外边世界的镜像中，我们看到了童话般的语言，看见无奈逝去的时光，看见田园美丽纯净的景色，“我是乡村的孩子</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">却成了乡村的过客</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">有点走驴观花的意味</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我抓紧享受着</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">那驴随意咬一口青草嚼出的慢”，看来，重返田园的诗人正在进行近似于“最后一刻”的品位，他希望“慢”，而在时间的推移和诗人特有的想象中：“我成了一个白胡子老头</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">叫我三岁的孙儿扛来我的乌木烟杆</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">撕下我的一首诗</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">给我点燃烟</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">再撕下另一首诗</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">擦掉他透明的鼻涕</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我们一起依偎老屋</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">多好</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">一本诗被用掉两首</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">多好”，诗人用诗换回“依偎”的片刻，这使得《推开木窗》有些难以掩饰的伤感，但又不失为一种出自肺腑的真实。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">在《油菜花》、《山菊花》这样的诗篇里，我们看见诗人一直怀念着儿时的景象，只是此刻他以成年人和还乡者的目光再度审视，一切都物是人非，这不由得使其获取了新的思想维度；即使在《疼不疼》、《宁静》这样的“情象”的作品中，诗人依然通过沟通土地儿讲述山村般的爱情，这不由得让我们推究诗人的诗意本源将生长于土地，并最终要不断坠入土地的“范畴”。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">以“一头走兽”自喻的诗人曾写过回乡的感觉——</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">我是一头走兽<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>大步走着回乡的走兽<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">一头能填饱故乡的肚子的走兽<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">像一杯熊奶<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>故乡喝了<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>就有劲想我<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">记住我<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>记住一头走兽<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>记住一个她的器官<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>——《一头走兽》</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">与其说可以填饱故乡的肚子，不如说期待回到故乡体验故乡充盈的感觉，这时，“我”和“故乡”之间形成了互相补充的结构，这个镜像显然在想象中带有自传的色彩。故事中，我是一个“走兽”般的流浪者，只是如此渴望回乡又仿佛与此刻的居留地产生了某种对应——现在，诗人在历经长年的漂泊之后，来到城市居住——这自然又造成了乡土与城市之间的空间镜像。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 177.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 14.7" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">三</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">而今，祝发能是以一个城市居住者的身份写诗，但常常弥漫于其诗中的却是与城市某种疏离的情绪。“一只透明的瓶子</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">呆头呆脑</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">从乡村漂流到城市</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">内心的白纸上</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">山还在放牧岩鹰</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">瓦屋还在被炊烟提升”，《漂流瓶》中的诗句决定了诗人身份的“自我认同”，这使其一次次不自觉地回到乡间，那个生长的土地之上，于是，放逐城市同样也预示了城市的放逐，我们在“漂流瓶”的视野中看到了诗人对城市的“界限”——</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312" lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">嗨！城市<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>我在你前面<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">你看不见我的影子<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">你的前面是村庄哦<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">嗨！城市<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>我在你头顶<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">你听不见我的鼾声<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">我的头顶是老天哦<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">嗨！城市<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>我在你背后<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">你的脊梁上刻着历史<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">你要小心哦<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>——《嗨！城市》<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">这首短诗至少为我们理解诗人对待城市的态度，设置了几个镜头，“我”分别在城市的几个方位，但显然，“我”站立的位置往往是一片比城市更为开阔的空间。“我在你前面”，“你的前面是村庄”，决定了“我”在城市和乡村之间的取舍态度，而诗人就这样在介入城市的同时开始了对城市的叛离。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">这时，我们阅读祝发能的诗，比如《远山》，便会发觉成长的经历与生活现实之间的内在逻辑，只是，这一逻辑是以追溯的方式完成的：“远山的确很远</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">比远山还远的那座山</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我已看不清</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">但我知道</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">所有能看清的山都比他矮</span><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">记得小时候</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我只要骑在他的肩上</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">轻而易举就看清了山下的自己</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">可如今坐在轿车里的我</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">费尽目力看自己</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">总是模糊不清</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">看着看着</span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">大山化小</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">小山化了”，是生命自然活力的萎缩，还是理想在生活面前逐渐“现实”起来，“远山”越来越小，而唤起感动的必将是遥远的记忆和童年。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">对城市生活和乡村生活之间的态度，决定了祝发能诗歌的又一重镜像和维度展开，同样也符合某一类诗人的写作路径及其自然延伸的过程。显然，诗人要写出自己最为精彩的诗篇，这些作品将来源自熟悉的生活，因而，在“镜”与“像”之间，嵌入的部分始终是一种真实，即使，“镜”与“像”并非映照着同样的生命原型。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 159.4pt; mso-char-indent-count: 13.23" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">四</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">如果说“世象”辑是以编排的方式很自然的与“情象”辑形成某种对应，那么，前者或许更多应当偏重的是叙述，而后者则是抒情，但事实上，两者在祝发能的创作中，是融合无间的，那些“情象”的作品虽更多涉及诗人的情感历程，但一切的生命之源仍然难以逾越乡村的底限。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">毫无疑问，情感在祝发能笔下由于“含蓄”而显得错落有致：“有一种门</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">常常虚掩着</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">实际</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">是一种手势”（《含蓄》），诗人以隐喻的方式揭示了一种具有普遍性的动作及其可能存在的含义，“含蓄”是潜在的，也是智性的——</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">在门里<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">以感情而哲理的方式<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">访问远古<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">现代<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>动人的故事<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">已在三月的坡上<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">割草<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312" lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">诗人通过揭示“含蓄”抵达的空间，说明这一词语能够赋予生活的意义，而事实上，诗人也常常以这种方式，书写自己的情感生活，那些大胆、泼辣的表现方式似乎总与祝发能失之交臂，这最终又使诗人的诗处于“含蓄”的状态——“一匹马喊醒另一匹马到森林里觅食</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我听见他们关节里有火噼啪作响</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">我在七年前的爱情灰烬中翻找出一幅</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">用鲜血画出疼痛的油画”（《没有想你》）。这样的布局谋篇是属于祝发能的，也在很大程度上体现了“情象”的整体特征。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">在揭示祝发能诗选中几个“镜像”之后，我们大致可以领略这位诗人的创作风景。镜像在这里不是一个孤立的对应结构，而是一个相互联系的立体网络，并使诗人的写作获取更多的阐释空间。但是否如此，就表明诗人已达到了一个具有多义性的诗意范畴了？风格与全面似乎总在写作上存有张力，所幸的是，其目的性为祝发能同时也是读者留下了更多的诗性空间！</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>